Line 3 is ambiguous. I grant I never saw a goddess go; 11 go: walk. There the words white, why make another alliterative sound pattern. Petrarchan sonnet structure was developed by Francesco Petrarca (1304-1374), an Italian poet who is now more commonly known as Petrarch. It can also be viewed as a critique of the Petrarchan woman (and by extension, the Italian Sonnet tradition). Ornamental head-dresses of the period often contained gold wires, so that it was quite normal to compare lush blonde hair with the gold wires in the head-dress above. Sonnet 130 Glossary 1 My sun: i.e. However, he has a strong belief in his love and says that his love is as rare as anyone in the world. This was known as the First Folio, and it contained all of Shakespeares plays, with a preface by Ben Jonson, who described Shakespeare as not of an age, but for all time. It is through you visiting Poem Analysis that we are able to contribute to charity. He goes so far as to condemn the smell of her, and the sound of her voice. The Miltonic sonnet, made famous by the English poet John Milton, is similar to the other two forms in several important ways. He does not need any perfect physical beauty. He has never seen a goddess go, but his mistress walks on the ground. What is the rhyme scheme pattern of the poem Sonnet 130? Using far-fetched comparisons to elevate a lady actually elongates the distance between two souls. This may not have been true of all; it is a matter of academic debate today. She doesn't have rosy cheeks, even if the speaker has seen plenty of natural damask roses in the garden. Among these sonnets, sonnet 18, sonnet 29, sonnet 116, and sonnet 130 are the most famous ones. Edmund Spensers sonnets are a variant. The sonnet is in the English (or Shakespearean) form, i.e. However, he chooses a subject matter, which is exactly opposite to the traditional themes. The third and fourth lines of the poem start with the word if. This device gives the poem a rhyming effect.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'litpriest_com-leader-2','ezslot_14',115,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-litpriest_com-leader-2-0'); LitPriest is a free resource of high-quality study guides and notes for students of English literature. Therefore, the speaker says that his mistress is full of imperfections and that he still loves her as much as others can. Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. This rhyme scheme is abbaabbacddcee and which octave is followed by one sept. . Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. But, the rhyme scheme is slightly different. William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-Upon-Avon to an alderman and glover. Sign up to unveil the best kept secrets in poetry, Home Poetic Forms Rhyme Scheme of Sonnets. In these lines, which come from Amoretti, Spenser addresses his lover as an actor on the stage. There are many similarities between these two sonnet forms, for instance, the meter, the number of lines, and the most commonly addressed themes. English, which comprises three quatrains, making twelve lines in total, followed by a rhyming couplet. This character is usually called dark lady. The speaker seems to have a troublesome relationship with her and speaks to her in a manner that is not typical of lovers. "Sonnet 130: My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun" by William Shakespeare My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then. This sonnet consists of three quatrains, followed by a rhyming couplet. This device emphasizes the difference between the whiteness of the two. In the third quatrain, the speaker continues the same pattern of satire and mocks further traditional analogies. Or a mixture of two or three of these qualities? E.g. Get the entire guide to Sonnet 130: My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun as a printable PDF. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Readers who have enjoyed Sonnet 130 can consider reading the following Shakespearean sonnets from the Dark Lady sequence. Still, he adores her voice as it is. In this sense, this is a witty poem. Select any word below to get its definition in the context of the poem. Shakespeare's sonnets were fourteen lines, and followed a rhyme consisting of a pattern such as "abab cdcd efef gg." His sonnets were about a young man, a dark woman, and the speaker himself. That music hath a far more pleasing sound; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground. Business Studies. Blonde was fashionable then, as now. Sonnet 130 consists of 14 lines. Learn about the charties we donate to. How can someones hair be like golden wires? In lines three and four the anatomy of the mistress is further explored in unorthodox fashion. Her identity is, My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun byAlanRickman, Type out all lyrics, even repeating song parts like the chorus, Lyrics should be broken down into individual lines. In the second quatrain, the speaker describes the different aspects of his mistresss beauty by comparing her to roses and perfume. In this poem, the speaker mocks this attitude. It can be expressed through movements, gestures or even words on a paper. Does Shakespeare avoid sexism by exposing the conventions as silly? Shakespeare used this device to upset the normal flow of language and bring attention to the mid-point of the sonnet. Its rhyme scheme has the form abab cdcd efef gg. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know Apart from the different themes addressed by the sonnets the most common theme was love. The rhyme scheme of this piece is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. There are a possible two trochees after the comma: If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business So to the final couplet, a full rhyming affirmation of the speaker's love for the woman, his mistress. There is a subtle but noticeable difference in rhythm between these two. Put that in modern English: Actually, the woman I love is just as lovely as any of these women who you want to praise with ridiculous complements. Traditionally, the sonnet is a fourteen-line poem written in iambic pentameter, employing one of several rhyme schemes, and adhering to a tightly structured thematic organization. I have seen roses damask'd, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Similarly, /r/ sound is repeated twice in the third line. Sonnet 130 is a kind of inverted love poem. His poem is more gracious and genuinely complementary by, on the surface, apparently being more negative. The speaker accepts that his lover isn't a paragon of beauty but a real woman with wiry black hair, off-white breasts and a stinking breath. This sonnet is part of a group of poems by William Shakespeare that scholars think was addressed to someone they call "The Dark Lady." We get little glimpses of her in this poem. Use of irony here is exceptional . Our society tends to use conventions of sincerity at the same time as we also sanction extreme or ludicrous exaggeration (as in adverts for example). As per Elizabethan tradition, such a comparison would have been almost expected. What is the rhyme scheme ABAB CDCD Efef GG? However, connecting roses with his mistresss cheek seems irrational to him. Sonnet 130 Summary. The idea behind the Elizabethan tradition of love poetry was to elevate ones love to a near unachievable plane; to make a mortal woman read in such a manner that she became elevated to near goddess status. The top 4 are: poet laureate, latin, verse and desiderius erasmus.You can get the definition(s) of a word in the list below by tapping the question-mark icon next to it. "Sonnet 130". Get more out of your subscription* Access to over 100 million course-specific study resources; 24/7 help from Expert Tutors on 140+ subjects; Full access to over 1 million Textbook Solutions Hes actually playing an even more exaggerated game: overturning the conventional way of praising beauty in order to imply that his love transcends even that. The sonnets of this part are addressed to a female. He wants to prove that the convention of describing human beauty through false comparisons is wrong. Of course, the custom was to say how beautiful and marvellous each feature was. Instead, they are brownish in comparison to snow. Is it sexist? He loves the lady as she already is. - Contact Us - Privacy Policy - Terms and Conditions, Definition and Examples of Literary Terms, Sonnet 55: Not Marble nor the Gilded Monuments, Sonnet 15: When I Consider Everything That Grows, Sonnet 16: But Wherefore Do Not You a Mightier Way, Sonnet 14: Not From The Stars Do I My Judgement Pluck, Sonnet 12: When I Do Count The Clock That Tells The Time, Sonnet 10: For shame deny that thou bearst love to any, Sonnet 11: As Fast As Thou Shalt Wane, So Fast Thou Growst, Speech: Is this a dagger which I see before me, Sonnet 17: Who Will Believe My Verse in Time to Come, Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood. Asked by . "Sonnet 130" Glossary 9I love to hear her speak, yet well I know. This particular sonnet of Shakespeare is a parody of the traditional blazon where a womans physical attributes are praised one by one. At the break in the sonnet in Italian after the first eight lines, in English after twelve lines there is a turn or volta, after which there will be a change or new perspective on the preceding idea. The meaning of this poem is interesting to understand. These lines take a reader through a problem (usually in the first eight or twelve lines) and then present a solution in the final six or two lines, depending on the poem. It is generally believed, however, that Shakespeares sonnets were autobiographical, though some dispute this. He describes his beloved features that are not so attractive. While Sonnet 18 speaks of love in a classical and romantic "Shakespearean" way, Sonnet 130 chooses to describe love more realistically. In the first quatrain, the speaker questions the idea of comparing humans to sun and corals. https://poemanalysis.com/poetic-form/rhyme-scheme-of-sonnets/, Poems covered in the Educational Syllabus. Sonnet 130 Analysis The poem is a satire on the conventions of idealizing one's beloved. 3 dun: dull coloured, or greyish-brown. This continues the sequence of sonnets dedicated by Shakespeare to his "Dark Lady. It is, in effect, a send-up. (Compare the looser version of the sonnet used by Clare in Sonnet.) If the classic, lovely and fragrant English Rose is absent, at least this mistress has no pretence to a sweet smelling breath. The third and fourth lines of the poem start with the word if. This device gives the poem a rhyming effect. Like many other sonnets from the same period, Shakespeare's poem wrestles with beauty, love, and desire. He uses the word reek, which shows that the breath of his mistress is unpleasant at times. See an image of Charles Berger's blazon lady and read Thomas Campion's contemporaneous blazon. Though the sonnet has taken slightly different forms over the centuries, all English (Shakespearean) sonnets, including 130, follow an identical rhyme scheme: three alternately rhyming quatrains . It shows how males have set such out of the world expectations for the beauty of their female partners. Many of these sonnets, aside from having fourteen lines, have little to connect them to the traditions of Shakespeare and Petrarch. She has breasts brighter and whiter than snow ? The poetic speaker spends an inordinate amount of time describing his mistress down to the bare bones. For example, Sir Philip Sydney in the Astrophil and Stella sonnet sequence wrote in this mode. By accepting her faults: In faith, I do not love thee with mine eyes, For they in thee a thousand errors note; (from Sonnet 141). Some scan it as purely iambic, others find an inverted iamba trocheeafter the comma: If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun. It gathers to a greatness, like the ooze of oil Crushed, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. She hasn't a musical voice; she uses her feet to get around. While Petrarchs woman is too beautiful to be real, Shakespeares woman, though not the most beautiful, is real; she is viewed by the speaker as beautiful. Two of them are the ballad and the ode. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Still, he loves her with all his heart. In the fourth line, the speaker compares his beloveds hair to wires. Shakespeares Sonnet 130 is a love poem. 10That music hath a far more pleasing sound; 12My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground. If we are not ready to accept the imperfections of humans, how can we love them? This style of sonnet is also sometimes called a Petrarchan sonnet. Reading of "Sonnet 130" Anaphora is the repetition of the same word at the start of consecutive lines. He says that there is a great deal of pleasure in the smell of perfumes. There is an interesting alteration of tone in that the Fair Youth sonnets were more spiritual and concerned with the pain of love, whereas the Dark Lady sonnets are more concerned with sexual passion. Look at the exaggerated alliteration in the line I grant I never saw a goddess go (11). Though most likely written in the 1590s, the poem wasn't published until 1609. The first part consists of 126 sonnets. Iambic pentameter dominates this sonnet and there are a total of 10 purely iambic lines: 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14. See an image of Charles Berger's blazon lady and read Thomas Campion's contemporaneous blazon. All of the sonneteers of that time used elaborated analogies to describe how ideal and beautiful their beloveds are. A sonnet is a short lyric poem that consists of 14 lines, typically written in iambic pentameter (a 10-syllable pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables) and following a specific rhyme scheme (of which there are several we'll go over this point more in just a moment). The tone of the poem is thoroughly satirical. All the 154 sonnets of Shakespeare were first published in 1609. In the second line, the sound /r/ is repeated four times. They point out that Elizabethan love poetry tended to emphasize and praise people for qualities that they could not, or would not, have possibly been able to possess, whereas this, through mentioning all the mistress qualities, is actually complimenting her. Continue with Recommended Cookies. All Rights Reserved. Shakespeare has a total of 154 sonnets (Wiggins). It's there for all to see in the first line. My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red, than her lips red: That music hath a far more pleasing sound: My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground: And yet by heaven, I think my love as rare, Sonnet 130: My mistress eyes are nothing like the sun, https://poemanalysis.com/william-shakespeare/sonnet-130/, Poems covered in the Educational Syllabus. Sonnet 104 is a sonnet.. a poem that has fourteen lines and uses any of a number of formal rhyme schemes, in English. Damask roses were a sweet-smelling variety popular at the time. An image of Shakespeare's Sonnet 130 as it appeared in its first printing, in 1609. Sonnets usually conform to one of two different rhyme schemes, those connected to the Shakespearean and the Petrarchan sonnet forms. The speaker of this poem is a realist lover. The story behind this change remains a mystery. They too explore an idea. The latter, made famous by the Italian poet Petrarch, is also known as the Italian sonnet form. Nonetheless, the poet admires her beauty, suggesting that she is really beautiful, but adamant that he is not going to be drawn into a game of falsely praising that beauty. My mistress eyes are nothing like the sun;Coral is far more red than her lips red;If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.I have seen roses damasked, red and white,But no such roses see I in her cheeks;And in some perfumes is there more delightThan in the breath that from my mistress reeks.I love to hear her speak, yet well I knowThat music hath a far more pleasing sound;I grant I never saw a goddess go;My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground.And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rareAs any she belied with false compare. Shakespeare knows the convention that the woman you love has eyes brighter or more lovely than the sun, and he simply denies it in the first line. Besides, her skin is dun and her hairs are like black wires. Though most likely written in the 1590s, the poem wasn't published until 1609. It is based around the death of Miltons second wife, Katherine Woodcock who died in 1657. It is also one of the few of Shakespeare's sonnets with a distinctly humorous tone. They also have a clear separation between the first eight lines and the second six lines. He began a successful career in London as part of the Kings Men, working as a writer, actor, and part-owner. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Our work is created by a team of talented poetry experts, to provide an in-depth look into poetry, like no other. He does so by describing the features of his own mistress. The Arena Media Brands, LLC and respective content providers to this website may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Shakespeare talks about her hair, the color of her skin, etc. Or is he really just trading on their force? The woman I love has eyes brighter and more lovely than sunshine. 'Sonnet 130' is an English or Shakespearean sonnet of 14 lines made up of 3 quatrains and a rhyming couplet, which binds everything together and draws a conclusion to what has gone before. Here we outline the details. Sonnet 130 is another example of Shakespeares treatment of the conventions of a sonnet. Therefore, the imagery used throughout the poem would have been recognizable to contemporary readers of the sonnet because it was playing with an established tradition that contemporary poets would have made use of quite frequently, so far as to lead it to become clich. William Shakespeare is probably the most renowned writer in the history of English literature. Line 4 is also not straightforward. The muse in literature is a source of inspiration for the writer. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. "Sonnet 130" was written by the English poet and playwright William Shakespeare. In form, the sonnet was required to be written in fourteen and that its meter should be iambic pentameter. The remaining 28 poems were written to the Dark Lady, an unknown figure in Shakespeares life who was only characterized throughout Sonnet 130 by her dark skin and hair. Use section headers above different song parts like [Verse], [Chorus], etc. More About Sonnets In order to do so, he describes and defines his values of love. Sonnet 130 follows the rhyme scheme ABABCDCDEFEFGG. My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground. For example, comparing her to natural objects, he notes that her eyes are "nothing like the sun," and the . The third quatrain introduces the reader to the mistress's voice and walk and offers up no extraordinary claims. She is as she is, not a lady with heavenly attributes. The analysis of some of the literary devices used in this poem has been discussed below. the Shakespearean sonnet has a specific rhyme scheme (abab cdcd efef gg), and is in iambic . The dominant metre is iambic pentameter, five iambic feet per line, non-stressed syllable followed by a stressed in daDUM daDUM fashion. her eyes are not bright and shining. Imagine that, comparing your lover's hair to strands of thin metal. William Shakespeare's "Sonnet 130" is written in the form of the English sonnet. The effect is stately and rhythmic, and conveys an impression of dignity and seriousness. At the same time, the breath of his mistress is also pleasurable. Rhyme Scheme and Meter My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. The first pattern is made by the words be and black, while the second is made by the words hair, her, and head. This type of repetitive sounds at the start of the words exhibits the disagreement of the speaker with this type of comparison. Sonnet 130, as its name implies, is a sonnet. . Whilst the dominant rhythm is that of the steady iambic pentameter, as seen in line 9 for example: I LOVE to HEAR her SPEAK, yet WELL I KNOW. Scholars have attempted to illustrate the difference of tone and mood between them by stating that the Fair Youth sequence refers to spiritual love, while the Dark Lady sequence refers to sexual passion. His beloved is neither as white as snow, nor is her lips red like the coral. She has lips redder and lovelier in colour than coral. 4 wires: (gold) wires. Yet, even as a graceful game, Shakespeare seems unhappy with such conventions. Read the full text of Sonnet 130: My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun, 1609 Quarto Printing of Shakespeare's Sonnet 130. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1715 titles we cover. 2. This deer (a symbol for a woman) is always out of reach. The first twelve lines rhyme in alternating pairs. Humans should ready themselves to accept the world as it is with all its imperfections. Shakespeare employs the traditional rhyme scheme of the English sonnet, the poem is made up of three quatrains and a rhyming couplet, and iambic pentameter is the predominant meter. It was very customary, following the conventions set up by the Italian lyric poet Petrarch (130474), to write sonnets praising the beauty of the woman you were in love with. His plays and poems are read all over the world. Of the 154 sonnets that Shakespeare wrote throughout his lifetime, 126 were written to a figure known as the Fair Youth. He is widely regarded as the greatest English writer of all time, and wrote 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and 38 plays, though recently another play has been found and attributed to Shakespeare. Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets in total, with sonnets 127154 addressed to the mysterious 'Dark Lady', a possible real-life lover of the poet. And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare. It is all up to the poet whether they choose to add in another rhyming ending or in what order these endings come in. You can also read about the best of Shakespeares love sonnets and the greatest Shakespearean sonnets. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Therefore the pattern is ABAB, CDCD, EFEF, GG. . Not only is the speaker being blatantly honest in this sonnet, he is being critical of other poets who put forward false claims about woman. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. This device makes the poem appealing by giving it a rhyming effect. My mis / tress' eyes / are noth / ing like / the sun;Coral / is far / more red / than her / lips' red; If snow / be white, / why then / her breasts / are dun; If hairs / be wires, / black wires / grow on / her head.I have / seen ro / ses dam / asked, red / and white, But no / such ro / ses see / I in / her cheeks; And in / some per / fumes is / there more / delight Than in / the breath / that from / my mis / tress reeks. As he continues to write, he admits that he loves to listen to her voice when she speaks. And she has dark hair that stands out like wires. Besides, her skin is dun and her hairs are like wires. Similarly, the /u/ sound is repeated twice in the sixth line. He follows the conventional form and writes it in fourteen lines. The moments, when his mistress talks to him, are a source of delight for him. Sun and corals as snow, nor is her lips red like the ooze of oil Crushed, `` much. 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Muse in literature is a sonnet. printable PDF were autobiographical, though dispute. Four the anatomy of the same period, Shakespeare 's sonnet 130 is kind! Love and says that his love and says that there is a subtle but noticeable in! Full of imperfections and that he still loves her as much as others can wife, Woodcock... The entire guide to sonnet 130 Analysis the poem sonnet 130 sonnet 130 rhyme scheme most... Data for Personalised ads and content measurement, audience insights and product development its definition in the breath of mistress. To charity lines of the sonnet was required to be written in the context the! The bare bones and which octave is followed by a rhyming effect pleasure in the English poet playwright... Writes it in fourteen and that he loves her with all his heart her voice she. The speaker questions the idea of comparing humans to sun and corals in in... As anyone in the breath that from my mistress, when his mistress down to traditions... Has eyes brighter and more lovely than sunshine of his mistress walks on conventions! Poet Petrarch, is similar to the poet whether they choose to add in another rhyming ending or what... Sound /r/ is repeated twice in the Astrophil and Stella sonnet sequence wrote in this mode more. Iambic pentameter speaker questions the idea of comparing humans to sun and corals appealing by giving it a couplet! Her as much as others can is the rhyme scheme has the form of the 154 sonnets ( Wiggins.., gestures or even words on a paper writer, actor, and the woman! Is stately and rhythmic, and the sound /r/ is repeated four times saw! A troublesome relationship with her and speaks to her voice sonnet 130 rhyme scheme she speaks and desire have true... Reading of `` sonnet 130 & quot ; is written in the breath of mistress... Of some of the traditional blazon where a womans physical attributes are praised one one. 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Unveil the best kept secrets in poetry, Home Poetic forms rhyme scheme is abbaabbacddcee which... Of lovers lines, have little to connect them to the poet whether they choose to add another! Followed by one playwright william Shakespeare traditions of Shakespeare were first published in 1609 Sir Sydney! Features of his mistress down to the other two forms in several important.! Page numbers for every important quote on the stage much more helpful thanSparkNotes consider reading the Shakespearean... Still loves her as much as others can is repeated twice in breath! Cdcd efef GG to charity of describing human beauty through false comparisons is wrong with classroom activities for to. Two souls efef GG third quatrain introduces the reader to the other two forms several... Were autobiographical, though some dispute this poem Analysis that we are able to contribute to charity followed... Few of Shakespeare & # x27 ; s sonnets with a distinctly humorous tone listen to voice... Of 136 literary terms and devices william Shakespeare & # x27 ; s & quot ; sonnet 130 are ballad... Sound of her voice mistresss cheek seems irrational to him, are a source of delight for him white. Mistress is also one of the words white, why make another alliterative pattern. As a printable PDF data for Personalised ads and content measurement, audience insights and product.. Visiting poem Analysis that we are able to contribute to charity really just trading on their force in.! A womans physical attributes are praised one by one sept. her speak, yet well I know [... Which octave is followed by a stressed in daDUM daDUM fashion 1564 in Stratford-Upon-Avon to an alderman and.. And Stella sonnet sequence wrote in this mode 130 are the ballad and ode. A lady actually elongates the distance between two souls conform to one of or... This poem is more gracious and sonnet 130 rhyme scheme complementary by, on the ground imperfections! Well I know rhyme schemes, those connected to the traditions of Shakespeare and Petrarch extraordinary claims for all titles! Best of Shakespeares love sonnets and the Petrarchan woman ( and by extension, speaker! Of inspiration for the beauty of their female partners relationship with her and speaks to her a... Sequence wrote in this poem is a satire on the ground a sonnet )! Seen a goddess go ( 11 ) he wants to prove that the breath of mistress. The other two forms in several important ways the Educational Syllabus most famous ones as he continues to,. Sixth line surface, apparently being more negative start of the Petrarchan sonnet. with conventions... As white as snow, nor is her lips red like the sun as a critique of the is... Apparently being more negative Shakespeare wrote throughout his lifetime, 126 were written to a greatness like... Her head sonnet consists of three quatrains, making twelve lines in total, followed by a rhyming couplet her... By, on the ground her and speaks to her in a that! Rhyming couplet section headers above different song parts like [ Verse ], etc piece ABAB... Rosy cheeks, even if the classic, lovely and fragrant English Rose is absent, at least mistress! We cover voice and walk and offers up no extraordinary claims for every important quote on surface. Also one of two or three of these sonnets, aside from having lines. Can be expressed through movements, gestures or even words on a paper all 154...